Welcome to the Pacify Library

Breastfeeding can come naturally, but it can also be challenging. Here are answers to some common questions: 

1. How much colostrum do babies need?

Colostrum is like superfood for babies. They don’t need much. Even though it's a small amount, it has tons of nutrients.

2. When does breast milk come in?

Moms make colostrum right after birth. Holding your baby close helps your body to start making milk..

3. Does breastfeeding hurt?

It might feel strange at first, and there could be a bit of pain. Fixing how your baby latches and trying different positions can help. Experts called Lactation Consultants can give you personal advice.

4. How long should I breastfeed?

Experts suggest six months of just breastfeeding. But every mom's journey is different, so celebrate small wins every day.

5. Do I wake my baby for feedings?

At first, feed every 2-3 hours to build milk. Check diapers to see if your baby is getting enough. If you're not sure, ask your doctor.

6. Which medicines are safe while breastfeeding?

Most common medicines are safe. Call a Pacify Lactation Consultant or the Infant Risk Center (806-352-2519) to check your medicines.

7. How do I get my baby to latch?

In a good, deep latch your baby's mouth is wide open over the breast with as much breast tissue as possible in the baby’s mouth.

8. When does my period come back after having a baby?

For moms who don't breastfeed, it's about 6-8 weeks. For breastfeeding moms, it might not come back until breastfeeding stops. It’s important to know that you can still get pregnant while breastfeeding. Talk to your doctor about preventing pregnancy.

9. How do I balance milk supply in both breasts?

It's normal for one breast to make more milk and one to make less milk. Starting on the smaller breast may help even out the size. 

10. Can I breastfeed while sick?

Yes! Your antibodies pass to your baby through breast milk, helping their immune system. Rest, drink water, and ask your doctor if you need help feeling better.

11. Do I need a breast pump?

It depends on your feeding plan. If you're going back to work or want to store milk, a pump may help.

12. Can I breastfeed with flat or inverted nipples?

Yes! It might be tricky, but Pacify Lactation Consultants can help.

13. What if I need urgent help with breastfeeding?

Call a Pacify Lactation Consultant 24/7. They're experts ready to help with any feeding questions.

Having enough milk is important for breastfeeding. Breastfeeding often in the first two weeks of life is key for a healthy milk supply. It might seem like a lot, but it's important  for your baby's growth. Here are some things to remember:

1. Feed often

Newborns have small stomachs, so they need to eat often. Breast milk is also easy to digest. It’s important to feed your baby 8-12 times a day.

2. Don’t worry

The early weeks involve a lot of feeding. As your baby grows, it will get easier. Their stomach will grow and they’ll go longer between feedings. Be patient – feeding patterns should change over time.

3. Empty your breast

Make sure your breasts are as empty as possible after feeding or pumping. This tells your body to make more milk. 

4. Stay hydrated

Drinking enough water is important, but too much doesn't mean more milk. Just drink when you're thirsty to stay hydrated.

5. Go with the flow

It’s normal for the number of feedings  to change. Babies might spread out their feedings and then start feeding more frequently, which can be tiring. This is called cluster feeding. It shows your baby is growing. Hang in there – it will pass!

Remember, the early weeks might feel tough, but it gets easier as your baby grows. Empty your breasts, stay healthy and hydrated, and trust your baby’s hunger! If you ever feel stressed or have questions, get help. Call a Pacify Lactation Consultant for expert support throughout your journey.

Discovering you're pregnant is a big moment. It can be filled with emotions and questions. It's also the start of an amazing journey. What should you do next? This guide will help you plan the early steps of pregnancy.

1. Find a doctor or midwife

Your first step is to find a doctor or midwife you trust. Schedule your first prenatal appointment to discuss your medical history. This sets the foundation for your pregnancy care. Find a new doctor or midwife if you don’t like yours.

2. Start taking a prenatal vitamin

Ask your doctor or midwife which prenatal vitamin is right for you. These have vital nutrients to support your baby’s growth. Always ask your doctor or midwife before adding supplements to your diet.

3. Review lifestyle habits

Use this time to consider your lifestyle. Make changes where you need to. Don’t smoke or drink alcohol. Both can harm your baby. Talk to your doctor or midwife if you’re having trouble.

4. Find a doula

A doula can support you during pregnancy and labor. They can prepare you for the birth. They can also help you stay calm during labor. Find a doula who makes you feel safe and aligns with your birth plan.

5. Consider exercising

Exercise during pregnancy has many benefits. It can help you sleep and feel better. It can also help you labor quickly. Ask your doctor or midwife before working out during pregnancy. If they say yes, aim for 30 minutes a day. You can break this up through the day. Safe activities are walking, swimming, yoga, or light weight-lifting. Talk to your doctor or midwife about what’s safe for you.

6. Upgrade your diet

Focus on a balanced diet. Fresh produce, lean proteins, and whole grains are great. Discuss any specific dietary needs with your doctor or midwife.

7. Review medications & supplements

Ask your doctor or midwife about current medications. These may not be safe during pregnancy. They can change your treatment if necessary. 

8. Seek emotional support

Pregnancy is emotional. It's normal to have fears and questions. Seek support when you need to. Friends, family, or a therapist can help. Your emotional well-being is crucial.

These steps lay the groundwork for a healthy pregnancy. Remember, every pregnancy is unique. Your healthcare provider is your guide, so ask questions and share your concerns.

Breastfeeding takes effort on the baby’s part. Paced bottle feeding is a way to feed your baby with a bottle to mimic how a baby may breastfeed. It lets them feed at their own speed and helps babies learn to control how much they eat and prevents them from gulping down their milk too fast.

For paced bottle-feeding, try a wide-based, slow-flow nipple first. This can more closely resemble a human nipple.

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1. Place your baby upright & support their head

Place your baby in an upright position with plenty of head and neck support. Touch the bottle nipple to your baby’s mouth.

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2. Let your baby lead

Touch the bottle nipple to your baby's mouth, but let your baby take the bottle nipple into their mouth.

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3. Keep the bottle horizontal

Instead of holding the bottle up high, keep it horizontal. Keeping it horizontal to the baby helps slow down the flow. It also lets them choose when to take a break. 

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4. Control the flow

Allow the baby to suck tilting the bottle slightly to let more of the milk to be sucked by the baby. Let baby suck for about 3-5 continuous swallows or 20-30 seconds.

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5. Let baby pace themself

After they take a few sucks, gently pull the nipple out to rest on their bottom lip. Then allow them to pull the nipple back in. This mimics the way they would breastfeed.

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6. Follow their cues

Pay attention to your baby's cues. When they take a break or turn away, it means they need a break. Never chase your baby with a bottle, as it can lead to negative feelings about food.

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7. Slow down if necessary

Closely watch your baby as they feed. If your baby is swallowing a lot, it might mean they're getting too much milk at once. Slow down and give them time.

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Remember, paced bottle-feeding takes some time. Let your baby lead as you follow. Call Pacify if you need help!

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If you find yourself without your breast pump, you can hand express your breast milk. It's a useful skill that can help you out in a pinch. Here's an easy step-by-step guide to hand expression:

Step 1: Get ready

First things first, wash your hands and make sure they’re clean. Then find a clean container to collect the milk. It can be a breast milk storage bag or a small, sterilized container.

Step 2: Find a cozy spot

Get yourself to a quiet, comfy place. Take a moment to relax yourself and try some deep breathing. Give your breasts a little massage to help the milk flow.

Step 3: Set up your fingers

Put your thumb and pointer finger about 1-2 inches back from the dark area around your nipple (that's the areola). Make a C shape with your hand, keeping your fingers a bit apart.

Step 4: Start expressing

With your fingers in position, gently squeeze your thumb and pointer finger together, moving your hand back towards your chest. This way, you're pushing the milk toward the nipple.

Step 5: Keep going

Let go of the pressure, then gently squeeze your fingers together again. Keep up this rhythmic motion, going around your breast to make sure you get all the milk you need.

Don't worry if it takes a little practice – you'll get better with time. Hand expression is a good skill to have when breastfeeding. If you're having trouble, call a Pacify Lactation Consultant! They're there to help you out. With some practice and patience, you'll be a pro in no time.

Breastfeeding can be tricky. It’s totally normal to wonder if your baby is getting enough milk from you. Babies are unique, and they feed in their own way. Your job is to offer the breast; let baby choose how long to nurse. Usually, they know how much they need

What's normal?

If your baby breastfeeds every 2-3 hours, that's completely normal. We know it’s exhausting, especially in the early weeks. This frequent pattern helps you produce milk and your baby to grow well.

What’s not normal?  

There might be an issue if your baby is breastfeeding every single hour for several days. If you’re also not seeing much pee or poop in their diaper, it’s time to call your doctor.

There are 3 questions you can ask yourself to see if you are making enough breast milk :

1. Do you hear your baby swallowing and see them sucking? These are good signs they're getting enough milk. 
2. Are the diapers full, with several pees and poops? Regular diaper changes with both pee and poop means your baby is getting the right nutrition.
3. Is your baby gaining weight during check-ups? Regular visits to the pediatrician will show if they're growing well. Steady weight gain means they're getting enough milk.

If you say yes to these questions, your baby is eating well! If you're not sure, call a Pacify Lactation Consultant or ask your pediatrician for help.

How to make more milk

Breastfeeding works like a balance. Feed your baby when they want and make sure to empty the breast regularly. This helps your body make the right amount of milk. Learn more about increasing your milk supply in this article "5 tips to make more breast milk."

It may be hard to imagine, but your baby will soon grow into a crawling/walking/jumping little one. They’ll be ready to explore before you know it, so it’s important to make sure your home is safe.

Take it room by room

Break it down one room at a time. This can help make the task less daunting. Start with the smallest room in your home and work your way up.

Create a to-do list

Create a to-do list for each room. Look around and spot the areas that need work. There are some things you’ll want to do in every room like:

• Cover outlets
• Secure furniture
• Check CO₂/smoke alarms
• Tuck away cords
• Pick up small items that could be choking hazards 

Use baby gates

If your baby is already crawling, use baby gates to keep them in a contained space as you work. This is the best way to keep babies and toddlers out of harm if an area isn’t safe for them. 

Put away anything dangerous or breakable

Make sure glass, chemicals, medicine, candy, etc. are out of reach of tiny hands. But remember, children still need to be watched closely. They can get into everything, and the best precaution is supervision.

Secure heavy objects

It may help to get on the floor and look from a baby’s view. Tippable furniture should be secured to a stud in the wall. Your baby will begin pulling themselves up on furniture, so clear off surfaces too.

Keep bathroom doors closed & locked if possible

Babies can drown in a very small amount of water. Your bathroom may also contain things like cleaning supplies and medicine, so keep the bathroom off-limits. Once your little one can turn doorknobs, an external lock may come in handy. 

Tuck away cords

If you have corded window blinds, wrap the cord up and pin it well out of reach of small children. Do the same for electrical cords.

Pick up small items

If an item can fit in the hole of a paper towel roll, it can be a choking hazard. Walk around the house and collect small items to keep away from your little one. Look for things like magnets, keys, trinkets, jewelry, board game/puzzle pieces, etc. 

Be aware of stairs

Keep stairs off limits by using baby gates or closing and locking doors.

Check your water heater

If you can, make sure your hot water heater is set to 120 degrees or less to prevent burns.

Use covers & locks

Use covers and locks for stove knobs, the toilet seat, cabinets, etc. Use corner covers on furniture to prevent bumps and scrapes. You can make your own corner covers using tennis balls, pool noodles, or foam from the hardware store. 

Keeping your little one safe during their adventures is important. You’ve got this!

Let's talk about something exciting—baby's first doctor's appointment! The first visit to the doctor is a significant milestone for your newborn, but it can be overwhelming for new moms. This visit usually takes place around day 4 after birth when moms are still recovering from childbirth and facing challenges like engorgement, breastfeeding problems, and general chaos. During this time, moms are super overwhelmed and need lots of support. It's important to keep in mind that the focus of the baby's first visit is feeding and weight loss. Today, we'll simplify the information to provide you with a guide specifically tailored for this initial appointment.

How will the doctor examine my baby?

During the appointment, a nurse will weigh your baby to monitor their weight loss or gain since birth. It's common for babies to lose a little weight initially, so there's no need to worry. The nurse or doctor will then conduct a thorough examination of your baby's genital area, eyes, skin, and head to check for any potential issues. They may also ask about your baby's sleeping and feeding habits to ensure their well-being.

Why is this appointment so important?

The baby's first doctor visit is crucial for identifying any health concerns early on. It allows the doctors to address any potential issues before they escalate. Additionally, this appointment presents an excellent opportunity for doctors to offer guidance on healthy practices for you and your baby. They may provide tips to help boost your baby's weight and ensure they are on a healthy growth track.

How to prepare for the appointment:

To make the most of the appointment and avoid last-minute stress, here are a few tips to help you prepare:

1. Know your medical history: Familiarize yourself with your own medical history and your spouse's, as the doctor may ask related questions.
2. Write down your concerns: Take some time to write down any questions or concerns you have. Having them written down ensures you won't forget to address them during the visit.
3. Arrive early: Plan to arrive at the doctor's office a little early. This will give you time to complete any necessary paperwork and avoid rushing.
4. Pack a baby bag: Don't forget to pack a baby bag with essentials such as diapers, a change of clothes, and milk bottles. These items will help keep your baby comfortable during the visit.

Will the doctor provide parenting tips?

Absolutely! Your doctor is a valuable resource when it comes to taking care of your baby. They will offer essential tips, debunk common myths, and address any questions you may have. Here are some topics you can expect to discuss:

1. Feeding guidance: Your doctor will provide advice on monitoring your baby's feeding schedule. Typically, newborns feed around 8 to 12 times in a 24-hour period.
2. Bathing and sleeping tips: Your doctor may advise against giving your baby regular baths and share insights on safe sleep practices, including co-sleeping at night.

When to schedule the next appointment:

After the first visit, you'll want to schedule appointments for the following months: 1 month, 2 months, 4 months, 6 months, 9 months, and 12 months. These regular check-ins are crucial for ensuring your baby grows up healthy and happy.

In a nutshell:

To summarize, your baby's first doctor visit is a comprehensive checkup that addresses feeding, weight loss, and potential health concerns. The doctor will provide essential information, and you'll have the opportunity to ask questions related to your baby's well-being. Remember, during this time, new moms are recovering from birth and facing various challenges, so it's important to offer them ample support. You've got this!

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Balancing your diet for breastfeeding 

Breastfeeding is a natural way to give your baby important nutrients. Some people think that moms who breastfeed need to eat perfectly to make good milk. That's not true!

You don't have to be perfect to feed your baby well. Research shows that what a mom eats is important, but it usually doesn't change the quality of her breast milk.  

Food

Research shows that moms make good milk while eating foods like whole grains, veggies, and meat. While it's good to eat different foods for your health, you don't have to eat perfectly to make a good supply of milk.

It's best to listen to your body and eat when you're hungry. Following the idea of “Intuitive Eating” can be helpful and healthy for choosing meals.

Drink

When it comes to water, just drinking when you're thirsty is usually enough. You don't have to force yourself to drink a lot, and drinking extra won't make more milk.  

Vitamins & minerals

You don't usually need extra vitamins or minerals if you eat a mix of different foods. Your doctor may recommend that you continue to take your prenatal vitamin while you breastfeed so please ask your doctor. 

Fats

Eating fats doesn't change how much fat is in your breast milk, but it can change the kinds of fats. Eating a mix of good and not-so-good fats is a good plan for a balanced diet.

Limit

It's a good idea, especially if you're pregnant or breastfeeding, to not eat much fish with high mercury. It's also smart not to have much caffeine or alcohol, but you don't have to completely stop.

Usually, there aren't specific foods to skip because you're breastfeeding. Most moms can eat what they like, when they want, and how much they want, unless the baby has a clear problem with a certain food. If your family has a history of food allergies, you might want to avoid common allergens in your diet. If your baby reacts to a certain food, not eating it might help. Always talk to your doctor or allergist before cutting out foods due to allergies.

Remember, breastfeeding parents don’t have to eat perfectly. Trust your body and your milk to give your baby what they need. Focus on having a healthy and balanced life that lets you enjoy your breastfeeding journey without worrying too much.

Being a birth partner is so special. Your support is very important. Here are ways to help during labor:

Educate yourself

• Go to  childbirth classes and read about birth.
• Get to know the birth plan.
• Know the needs and concerns of the birthing person.

Be calm

• Labor is intense. Be calm, reassuring, and supportive.

Be their voice

• Explain the birthing person’s wants and needs to the medical team.
• Make sure the birth plan is respected. Offer guidance on decisions.

Help with comfort measures

• Help with pain management techniques.
• Suggest different positions, massage, and relaxation methods.

Keep them hydrated

• Offer water, ice chips, or snacks if allowed.

Offer emotional support

• Labor is emotionally challenging. Offer encouragement and support.
• Remind them of their strength and be a listening ear.

Be flexible

• Labor is unpredictable. Be ready to adapt to changes in the birth plan.

Capture the moments

• Document the process if allowed. Photos or videos can be cherished memories.

Stay informed

• As labor gets stronger, it will be harder for the birthing person to focus on what’s happening around them.
• Keep the birthing person informed if they want to be. But respect their desires if they need to focus on laboring.
• Protect the birth space.

Postpartum support

• Help with postpartum needs like skin-to-skin contact, breastfeeding support, and recovery.

Being a birth partner is a chance to support your loved one through a big life event. Remember, your job continues after birth. You might need support too; it's okay not to have all the answers. Your love and care cannot be replaced, but a doula can offer support for you and your loved one during labor and birth.

Keeping parents and babies together is crucial, especially in the early postpartum period. The connections formed during this time lay the foundation for lifelong bonds between parents and their newborns. Hormones play a significant role in this process, promoting attachment and facilitating the bonding experience between parents and their infants.

One such hormone, oxytocin, is often referred to as the "love hormone." It plays a central role in bonding and attachment and is present in high levels during labor and birth. Oxytocin helps parents develop strong emotional connections with their babies. Skin-to-skin contact and breastfeeding are two effective ways to increase oxytocin levels. These activities not only foster closeness between parents and infants but also provide numerous health benefits to both.

Another hormone, prolactin, is essential for maternal caregiving and milk production. It supports parents in taking care of their babies and ensures an adequate milk supply for nursing. While breastfeeding is one way to stimulate prolactin release, it is also important to understand that parents who choose bottle-feeding can create the same nurturing and loving environment by actively engaging with their newborns.

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For parents, bonding with their baby is an incredibly rewarding experience. Here are some tips to strengthen the connection between you and your new baby:

Early initiation

If you're breastfeeding, start as early as possible. The first moments after birth are ideal for initiating breastfeeding and building that initial bond.

Shared responsibility

If you're bottle-feeding, consider having your partner or a family member participate in feeding. This shared experience enhances the bond between the baby and both parents.

Skin-to-skin contact

Whenever possible, hold your baby close in skin-to-skin contact. This not only provides warmth and comfort but also strengthens the emotional bond. You might also consider learning the basics of infant massage.

Eye contact

Maintain eye contact with your baby during feeding and other interactions. It's a simple yet powerful way to convey love and attentiveness.

Responsive care

Learn your baby’s feeding cues (rooting, increased movement, hand to mouth). Crying is a late sign, but remember that babies cry for different reasons at different times. Respond promptly when your baby cries. This reassures your baby and builds trust.

Play and interaction

Engage in age-appropriate play and interaction to stimulate your baby's development. It's a fun way to bond and support their growth.

Talking, reading, and singing

Regularly communicate with your baby by talking, reading, and singing to them. This aids in language development and reinforces your emotional connection.

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It's important to note that some parents may find it challenging to bond with their newborns, especially if they are experiencing feelings of detachment or excessive worry. Such emotions can be symptoms of postpartum depression or anxiety. In such cases, reaching out to a healthcare provider is essential. They can provide guidance, support, and resources to help parents overcome these challenges and enhance their bond with their babies. Bonding is a unique and personal journey, and there is no one-size-fits-all approach. Your healthcare provider can offer personalized assistance to meet your needs and those of your infant.

It’s normal to have questions about feeding your baby. Whether you’re using breast milk or formula, bottle-feeding comes with questions.

Bottle-feeding a breastfed baby

It’s important to wait until you’re both comfortable with breastfeeding to introduce a bottle. Your baby might be confused at first, but there are things you can try:

• Give a bottle in place of a breastfeeding session.
• Let someone else feed them. They may relate you with the breast and be less likely to take a bottle from you at first.
• If they won’t take a bottle while you’re nearby, they might smell you. Try going to another room during those first bottle feedings.
• Choose a spot where you normally breastfeed. This helps them relate that place with feedings.
• Try paced bottle-feeding to mimic breastfeeding. This means holding the bottle more horizontally than high above like they would be chugging it.
• Be patient and consistent! Try giving them a bottle at the same time every day.

Bottle-feeding a formula-fed baby

During the first days of life, babies might have a hard time with a bottle. Be patient. They usually get the hang of it!

• It’s vital to mix formula correctly. There are three types of formula; ready-to-feed, liquid concentrate, and powder. Read directions closely and don’t stretch formula with extra water or less formula. That can affect your baby’s growth and development.
• The water that you use for liquid concentrate and powdered formula matters. You can use tap water that is boiled for one minute and then brought to room temperature. You can also use formula or infant water found in stores.
• Do not make your own infant formula. These formulas are not safe and may not have the nutrients your baby needs.

Positions for bottle-feeding

Support your baby in a somewhat upright position. Cradle their head in the crook of your arm. Avoid feeding them laying down, as this can increase the risk of choking and other problems.

Let your baby take breaks

This makes sure they’re not getting too much. Trust that your baby knows what they need! Over time, you’ll get to know their hunger and fullness cues better. They may just need to burp, so try burping then offering the bottle again.

Paced bottle-feeding

Breastfed babies may have trouble pacing themselves with a bottle. Paced bottle-feeding keeps the bottle horizontal while your baby is held upright. This makes it easier for your baby to take breaks and control the flow. Call a Pacify Lactation Consultant if you need help with paced bottle-feeding.

No bottles in bed

Letting your baby fall asleep with a bottle can be dangerous and form bad habits. If your baby gets used to falling asleep with a bottle, they may start to need a bottle to sleep. This can make it hard for you and your family to get the rest you need. On top of this, sleeping with a bottle increases the risk of choking, tooth decay, and ear infections.

How much formula they need

Every baby is different. There’s no set rule, so talk to your doctor about how much they should be eating. Bottle-fed newborns often need 6-8 feedings every 24 hours.

Bonding with your bottle-fed baby

You can make bottle-feedings a special time for bonding. Hold your baby close, make eye contact, and talk or sing to them softly. Dim lighting and soft music can help you both enjoy the time together.

When your baby refuses the bottle

It can be upsetting when your baby refuses a bottle, but it’s important not to force your baby to feed. If they push the bottle out or turn their heads, stop feeding. Force-feeding can cause problems. Here is what to do if your baby is refusing a bottle:

• Try a new place, a new position, or try again after they settle down.
• Check your flow. If the flow of your bottle is too slow or too fast, they may be frustrated.
• Let your baby open their mouth for the bottle rather than putting the nipple in their mouth.
• Stop trying. Your baby may not be hungry. It’s a good idea to wait before trying again to let your baby get hungry.
• If you think your baby is refusing the bottle because they are sick, call your doctor.

Why your baby isn’t finishing the bottle

• If your baby isn’t finishing or is falling asleep, they may just be full. Babies are good at knowing when they’re hungry or full.
• If your baby falls asleep during a feeding, try rubbing their back, stroking their head/legs/tummy, or changing their diaper. This can help wake them up. Wait until your baby is fully awake before offering the rest of the bottle.
• If your baby doesn’t finish a bottle, it’s important to throw out any leftover formula or breast milk after one hour at room temp. You can put formula back in the fridge to try again later, but you must throw it out after 24 hours. Germs from your baby’s mouth get into the milk through the bottle. This can make your baby sick if you use it later.

How long to bottle-feed

It’s best to stop using a bottle when your baby is around 12 months old. You can start teaching them to use a cup.

Feeding frequency changes

Don’t worry if your baby seems to be more or less hungry over time. It’s normal for babies to grow at different paces, so they’ll need different amounts over time. As long as your baby is gaining weight and you see enough pee/poop in their diaper, they’re probably getting enough. Call a Pacify Lactation Consultant if you’re worried!

Expecting a new baby? Wondering how to get your older child ready? One thing to do is talk to them about babies. Describe how they look and that they mostly eat, sleep, and cry. You can also explain that they need to be held a lot, so your attention will be shared.

1. Tell stories about when your older child was a baby and how you took care of them. It'll help them understand they were once in the same position as the new baby.
2. Involve your older child in caring for the baby. Talk about what they can do, like talking to the baby, getting diapers, or fetching mom's water. It makes them feel included and responsible.
3. If your child has weaned or was never breastfed, explain that mom makes milk for the baby, and nursing is how the baby eats. Also, let them know nursing helps the baby feel better when they're sad or scared.
4. If your child still nurses and you plan to breastfeed both, talk about it. Explain that both the baby and your older child will nurse after the baby is born. Show pictures of siblings nursing together.
5. Don't hide breastfeeding from your older child or other children. It's a chance to show that breastfeeding is normal and healthy. It's a natural part of life to learn from and understand.
6. Handling curious situations: Some kids may be curious when they see you breastfeeding because they associate babies with bottles. If they ask, explain you're feeding and nurturing the baby. By showing them, you teach that breastfeeding is normal.

Let's talk about making feeding time easier.

• If you need a free hand, use a pillow to lift the baby to the right height. It might take some practice, but it's worth trying. If you need to support your breast with your other hand, a rolled-up towel can help.
• Are you comfy with a sling? It's great for feeding with a free hand. You can play with your other child while feeding and keep the older one from causing trouble.
• Your toddler can be a helper. They can get things for you, like diapers or a water bottle. They might not hold the baby in the shower, but they can help with small tasks.
• While feeding, snuggle up and read books or play games like "I Spy." Let your toddler turn the pages if your hands are busy.
• Some toddlers like pretending to feed their toys while you feed. It's cute and makes them feel involved. Look at baby pictures together and talk about when they were little.
• Make a safe space for you and the baby. Lie down comfortably while your toddler plays with toys. Give them a snack and a drink.
• Sometimes, older kids are curious about breastfeeding. If you're okay with it, you can let them touch gently. If not, offer a little breast milk in a cup or distract them. Find what works for you and your child.

Breast milk is the best food for babies, but it's not just about nutrition. Research shows that breastfeeding can have benefits for both you and your baby!

For your baby: 

1. Less chance of asthma

Breastfed babies are less likely to develop asthma. Asthma is a disease that makes it hard to breathe. 

2. Lower risk of leukemia

Breastfeeding can lower the chances of childhood leukemia, a kind of blood cancer.

3. Prevents childhood obesity

Breastfeeding helps babies stay at a healthy weight, reducing the risk of obesity in childhood.

4. Fewer ear infections

Breastfed babies are less likely to get ear infections, which are common in childhood.

5. Protects against eczema

Breast milk can help guard against eczema, a condition that makes your skin itchy and swollen.

6. Helps the digestive system

Breastfeeding helps prevent diarrhea, throwing up, and lung infections.

7. Lowers the risk of intestinal problems

Breast milk helps prevent a serious intestinal illness called necrotizing enterocolitis. It happens in the intestines of preterm babies.

8. Reduces the risk of type 2 diabetes

Breastfed babies are less likely to get type 2 diabetes when they grow up.

For you:

1. Less risk of type 2 diabetes

Breastfeeding is good for the parent too. It lowers their chances of getting type 2 diabetes.

2. Lower risk of some breast cancers

Studies show that breastfeeding is linked to a lower chance of getting certain breast cancers.

3. Protects against ovarian cancer

Breastfeeding can also make it less likely for the parent to get ovarian cancer.

Breastfeeding also creates a strong connection between you and your baby. It brings comfort and support that can help your baby grow up healthy. As you start your breastfeeding journey, remember that the benefits can last far beyond the first few months. It helps your child’s health for a long time, and it can help yours too!

Finding the right breastfeeding positions for comfort and feeding can be hard. Every baby is unique, so explore new breastfeeding positions until you find what works best. These are 5 common breastfeeding positions that many parents prefer.

Position 1: Cradle hold

The “cradle hold” is well-known and widely used. Position your baby with their head resting on your forearm and their body facing you. This creates a close and intimate connection during feeding. Watch a video of Orieta demonstrating the Cradle hold here!

Position 2: Football hold

The clutch or "football hold” is good for many situations. Those recovering from a C-section or babies that like feeding upright may like this hold. Place your baby at your side with their head at nipple level and support their head with your hand.

Position 3: Cross-cradle

The “cross-cradle” or “transitional hold” is good for premature babies or those with a weak suck. Hold your baby across your body, with their legs across from the breast in use. Support their head at the base of their neck with your hand.  Watch a video of Orieta demonstrating the Cross-cradle hold here!

Position 4: Laid-back

For a relaxed and baby-led approach, try the “laid-back” or “straddle hold.” Lie back on a pillow and place your baby against your body. Allow them to find their way to your breast. Support their head and shoulders without forcing the latch.

Position 5: Side-lying

The “side-lying” position is great for parents who had a C-section or want to rest during feedings. Lie on your side with your baby facing you. Bring their head close to your breast and let them latch.

What works for one feeding may not work for the next! Try different positions and use pillows for added comfort. Find a position that works for you and your baby. It's a special bonding moment, and patience is key as you explore together. Call a Pacify Lactation Consultant for help or more ideas!

If you're flying with your little one soon, save this article for your upcoming trips. Here's a list of tips & tricks for traveling while breastfeeding.

Common questions

Q: Does my breast pump count as a second carry-on?
A: No, your breast pump is a medical device and doesn't count toward your carry-on limit. But a breast milk cooler does count. Tell TSA during X-ray checks if you have a breast pump. 

Q: Does the three-ounce rule apply to breast milk?
A: No, breast milk is exempt. No need for three-ounce containers or a quart-sized bag. Inform TSA at security and note that frozen milk or milk under 3 ounces doesn't require screening.

Q: Can I bring pre-pumped breast milk in a cooler?
A: Yes! Use a well-insulated cooler and declare it to TSA. There's no limit in the US, but check airport rules if you’re flying internationally. Ice packs must be frozen solid.

Q: Do I need my baby with me to carry breast milk?
A: No, your child does not need to be present. You can pump even if you're without your baby!

Q: Will TSA open milk bags or bottles for testing?
A: It’s unlikely. They might swab the outside if it’s not frozen. You can refuse to open a container and opt for extra screenings if you want to. 

More tips

• Frozen or fresh? Consider the length of your trip. Breast milk is safe unfrozen for 4 days in a fridge or 24 hours in an insulated cooler with ice packs. Allow extra time at security if your milk isn't frozen.
• TSA tranquility: Don't stress about security. Mentioning your breast pump or milk may speed up the process. Print TSA's flying-with-breast-milk guidelines for more info.
• Nursing nooks: Check if the airport has nursing pods. If not, find a comfortable spot—family restroom, vacant gate area, or a quiet corner.
• Pumping in flight: For a long journey, pumping mid-flight is doable. The airplane's noise can mask the pump's sound. Use a nursing cover and pump in your seat. Consult a flight attendant for advice on timing and location.
• Backup essentials: Visualize your pumping routine and pack accordingly. Include spare batteries, cleaning wipes, storage containers, ice packs, a cooler, spare parts, and a nursing bra or cover. Bring a manual pump as a backup.
• Embrace the trip: Enjoy your holiday without stressing about air travel. Try to focus on the beautiful memories you'll create!

Bringing a new baby home can be exciting and daunting. As a parent, one crucial choice you'll make is which pediatrician will care for your baby’s health. Here are some helpful tips to guide you in your search.

Start early

It's a good idea to start looking for a doctor before your baby arrives. This gives you time to explore your options and make a careful choice. Ask for suggestions from friends, family, or your current healthcare provider.

Check your health plan

Call your health plan or visit their website to find in-network providers. Your plan might help pay for visits.

Look online

Check office reviews online. You can often find doctor reviews online too. Weigh the pros and cons, but don’t let this be the only deciding factor.

Visit the office

Take a visit to the doctor's office before deciding. This gives you a chance to see the office and meet the staff. A clean and friendly office may make you more comfy.

Ask questions

Don't be afraid to ask questions! Ask how the doctor handles vaccines, how to book appointments, and how they handle emergencies. It's important to feel confident in the care your baby will receive.

Make sure you’re comfortable

Trust your gut if it doesn't feel right or you don’t feel heard. You should feel safe talking to your doctor about your baby’s health.

Consider communication

Consider how easy it is to reach the doctor when you have questions. Clear communication is key. Choose a doctor who listens to your concerns and explains things in a way that is easy to learn.

Finding a doctor for your baby is a big decision. Give your baby’s life a healthy start by having a caring and trustworthy healthcare provider. This can give you peace of mind as you face the questions that come with becoming a parent.

Picking the right bottle nipple is important. If you can, make sure to wait until breastfeeding is going well before trying a bottle. Babies may need different nipples based on their age. Here are some tips to get you started:

1. Size

Bottle nipples come in different sizes. For newborns, it's best to start with a slow-flow nipple.

If you’re breastfeeding, start with a slow-flow nipple regardless of your baby’s age. This prevents nipple confusion and mimics the sucking action from breastfeeding. You can switch to a medium-flow or fast-flow nipple as your baby grows. 

2. Material

Nipples can be made of silicone or latex. Silicone is sturdy and easy to clean. Latex is soft but can wear out faster. Some babies have favorites, so you can try both to see if your baby likes one more. 

3. Shape and style

Nipples come in many shapes, like standard or wide. Try to find the nipple that most represents your breast; if that isn’t possible, it’s okay. Try different shapes to find what works for you.

5. Baby's comfort

Watch how your baby reacts. If they're content, you may have found the right one! If they seem fussy, try several feedings at different times of day before you buy a different one.

Your flow may be too slow if your baby is:

• Upset
• Taking longer than 20 minutes to finish
• Falling asleep while feeding
• Sucking hard and/or the nipple is collapsing inwards

Your flow may be too fast if your baby is:

• Gulping or swallowing hard
• Coughing or choking
• Dripping milk out of their mouth
• Refusing to eat

Be patient as you try to bottle feed. Sometimes it takes time for the baby to learn how to use a bottle. You might need to try a few nipples. Choosing the right one is important to give your baby the right flow. Whether you’re breastfeeding or exclusively bottle-feeding, Pacify Lactation Consultants can help!

Breastfeeding is a special time, but it can be tough. As a new parent, taking care of yourself is vital for giving the best to your baby. Let's talk about what your body needs during breastfeeding.

More fiber, please!

Fiber is great for breastfeeding moms. Enjoy more fresh fruits and veggies. Try foods like oatmeal, beans, and whole-wheat bread for healthy fiber. This boosts milk quality and keeps you healthy.

Choose fresh foods

Fresh foods are the best choice. They're low in sodium, unlike processed foods that can have too much salt or sugar. Fruits and veggies are not only fresh but also rich in fiber!

Good fats are your friends

Forget the idea that all fats are bad. Good fats are good for you! Nuts, seeds, avocados, olive oil, and fish are packed with healthy fats. Including them in your meals keeps your diet balanced and gives you important nutrients.

Stay hydrated

Drinking enough water is important. Make it taste better by adding apple slices and a pinch of cinnamon. Or try citrus fruits like lemons, limes, and oranges. This can keep you hydrated and add a fun twist to your drinks.

Watch what you drink and the medications you take

You can still have your coffee or tea but keep caffeine under 300 mg per day. Check with your healthcare provider before taking any medications, vitamins, or supplements. Call the Infant Risk Center at (806) 352-2519 to know if medications are safe for your breast milk. Check out the National Library of Medicine's Drugs and Lactation Database to check the effects of medications on breastfeeding.

While you're breastfeeding, it’s important to care for yourself, especially now that you’re caring for a baby. Eating fresh, balanced meals and staying hydrated gives you the energy you need. Always talk to your doctor and check with the Infant Risk Center (806) 352-2519 about any medications. Call a Pacify Lactation Consultant if you have more questions!

Feeding your baby in the first year is a journey of new experiences. It's not just about food; it's also about creating healthy eating habits. Let's explore some tips to make this journey exciting and enjoyable.

How often to feed your baby

Your baby knows when they're hungry or full and will let you know. In the beginning, you will be breastfeeding 8-12 times per day, about 15-45 minutes each. Formula-fed babies may feed 6-10 times a day. If feeding takes longer, talk to your doctor or Lactation Consultant for help. As your baby tries solid foods, they'll naturally drink less milk, so be prepared for that change.

Learning your baby's hunger and fullness cues

Babies have ways of showing hunger. Here are signs to look out for:

• Smacking lips
• Reaching or leaning toward the breast or bottle
• Pointing at the spoon, food, or your hand
• Bringing hands to mouth and self-soothing by sucking their own hands 

Missing these cues can make feeding tough, so try to catch them early.  

How can you tell when your baby is full? Keep an eye out for these signs:

• Pulling away from the breast, bottle, or spoon
• Getting drowsy and falling asleep
• Changing position, shaking their head, or keeping their mouth closed tightly
• Handing food back to the feeder, signaling they've had enough

These cues are your baby's way of saying, "Thanks, but I'm all done!" Pay close attention, respect their signals, and never force-feed or chase them with a spoon.

When your baby may be ready for solid foods

Your baby's readiness depends on their growth. Look for signs like sitting without support, good head control, interest in your food, and accepting a spoon. These things usually happen around the time your baby has reached double their birth weight. Always check with your pediatrician before starting solids.

Guidelines for feeding solid foods

1. Start small, then increase gradually

Begin with small amounts of new foods — try a teaspoon at first — and slowly work your way up to a tablespoon. Go at your baby’s pace. Remember, you don’t want to force-feed.

2. Home-made or store-bought?

Both can be healthy. Look for single-ingredient foods and start a new food group every 3-5 days. Variety is important!

3. Nutrient-rich goodness

Meats and veggies have key nutrients. Fruits and whole-grain cereals do too! Offering your baby a variety of foods from different food groups ensures they will have enough nutrients to grow.

4. Juice

Your baby doesn’t need juice. Hold off on fruit juices for infants under one year old. When your baby is ready, with your pediatrician’s permission, try pasteurized, 100% fruit juices without added sugar. Limit it to 4 ounces a day and dilute it with water. Serve juice in a cup during mealtime.

5. Stay hydrated

Typically, healthy babies don't need extra water, except in very hot weather. As you introduce solid food, your baby might need extra sips of water. It’s important to talk to your pediatrician about the appropriate amounts of water before you begin to offer it.

6. Finger foods

When your baby can bring food to their mouth, slowly decrease mashed baby foods and try more finger foods. All food must be soft, easy to swallow, and cut into small pieces. Get ready for some cute self-feeding moments!

7. Mealtime vibes

Keep mealtime simple — around 15 to 20 minutes or so — and reduce distractions like TV, tablets, and phones. It's all about focusing on the delicious bites!

8. The magic number of meals

Most babies should have about three solid meals at 9 months and 2-3 snacks which, for a while, may be breastmilk or formula.

The foods: what to offer and what to avoid

Let's talk about what foods to offer your baby and what you need to be careful with. All the foods you offer need to be easy to chew and swallow since your baby is just learning those skills and has a high risk of choking. Offer these:

• Meat, fish, chicken, pork that is chopped or mashed
• Mashed beans
• Avocado
• Potatoes
• Sweet potatoes
• Tofu
• Mashed or chopped fruits and veggies
• Whole grain breads, crackers, tortillas
• Oatmeal

Avoid choking hazards:

• Nuts
• Seeds
• Popcorn
• Chips
• Pretzels
• Raw fruits and veggies
• Raisins
• Whole grapes
• Hot dog chunks
• Sticky foods like marshmallows, gummy candy and gum

Extra tips to keep in mind

• Don't warm your baby's bottle or food in the microwave. It can lead to burns in their mouths. Try warming bottles in a pan of warm water or under a stream of warm tap water instead. Give it a good shake to ensure even heating.
• Always feed your baby in an upright position with a spoon. For babies with special needs, ask your doctor or therapists for adaptive feeding strategies.
• Avoid letting your baby fall asleep with a bottle. It can cause milk to sit in their mouths, lead to tooth decay, and it may increase the risk of ear infections.
• By your baby's first birthday, it's time to bid farewell to the bottle. Help your little one transition to cups.
• Always keep an eye on your baby while they eat. Make sure they sit down during meals and are supervised.
• Research shows that delaying allergenic foods like peanuts, eggs, and fish doesn’t reduce the risk of food allergies. In fact, introducing certain foods early, like peanuts and eggs, might decrease the risk of an allergy. Please talk to your pediatrician for advice.

Weaning your toddler is a big step in their growth. When the time feels right for both of you, these tips can make it easier.

Gradually reduce feeding time

Take it slow. Decrease how long or how often you nurse. If you usually nurse for 15 minutes, try 8 minutes. If you nurse 4 times a day, try going down to 3. Going slowly helps your child adjust without it feeling sudden.

Offer substitutions or distractions

Suggest something else when your toddler wants to nurse. A healthy snack or drink can be a good replacement. Reading a book, going for a walk, or playing with a new toy can help distract them. These tips can help them accept the weaning.

Start weaning with the less important feeding times

Nap time and bedtime may be very difficult to stop.  So start weaning with the feeding times that seem less important to the toddler. Some parents choose to save those feedings until later in the process to wean.

Offer a healthy diet for your toddler

Ensure your toddler eats a variety of foods with carbohydrates, protein, and healthy fats as you reduce feedings. They should be having three larger meals and about one to three snacks per day. This helps them get the nutrients they need for growth, even with less breast milk or formula.

Seek expert help

Get advice from a Pacify Lactation Consultant as you stop nursing.. They can give you the extra advice and support you need. This will make the weaning process easier for both you and your toddler.

Having a baby is a big deal. How long labor lasts is different for everyone, but there are clues that can give us an idea of how long it might take. 

Remember that these are just general norms. Your labor might look different. There is no right or wrong.

Different times for different people

First-time parents:‍

• If it's your first baby, it might take 12 to 18 hours.
• Your body is learning how to have a baby, so it takes a bit longer.

Experienced parents:

• If you've had a baby before, it usually takes 8 to 10 hours.
• Your body knows what to do from having a baby before.

Things that can change how long it takes

• Being healthy: If you're healthy and exercise, it can help labor go faster.
• Baby position: A baby in the head down position with their chin tucked into their chest is usually easiest for mom and baby.
• Mental preparedness: Being calm and prepared can help a lot. Taking a childbirth class is a good idea.
• Support: Feeling safe where you’re giving birth and having skilled people around to help you can make it easier.
• Relaxing: Doing things to relax, like breathing through contractions, can make it better.
• Natural or induced labor: Sometimes your doctor or midwife needs to get labor started for you. This can change how long it takes.
• Coping skills: Everyone is different, so some people need more time than others. What helps in the beginning of labor might be different than what helps later on. Your needs might change and that’s okay.

Talk to your doctor or midwife if you’re worried about how long labor will take. They can help you learn the process of childbirth and answer your questions. It’s their job to make sure you’re okay. Remember how long it takes to have a baby is different for everyone. Try to be flexible, trust your body, and know that your care team is there to help you.

Having blocked milk ducts can be painful, but you can avoid and even fix them with the right steps.

Avoiding clogged ducts:

1. Avoid engorgement. Breastfeed or pump regularly to keep your breasts from getting too full.
2. Take deep breaths and gently massage your breast before nursing. This helps the milk flow better.
3. Try different breastfeeding positions. This helps make sure the whole breast is drained well.
4. Reduce pressure on your chest. Avoid sleeping on your stomach. Wear wireless bras or no bra when possible.

Fixing clogged ducts:

1. Keep breastfeeding or pumping to keep your milk flowing. Make sure your baby latches on well.
2. Take a hot shower or use a heating pad to soften the clog. Gentle massage can also help.
3. Softly massage the breast before nursing. Express a little milk by hand before nursing to get the flow going.
4. Avoid tight bras, especially during treatment. It's best to go braless. Ensure your breast pump fits well to avoid extra pressure. 

If your clogged duct doesn't get better after trying these steps, get help. Call a Pacify Lactation Consultant or talk to your doctor for guidance. Dealing with clogged ducts is a common challenge. Remember that there are ways to help you feel better!

 As your due date gets closer, you’ll start to get ready for birth. Preparing your birth plan is a big step in getting ready. It makes sure you have all your wants and needs written down. It’s also a great way to talk to your doctor or midwife about them. Use our Birth Wish List to get started! Here's a step-by-step guide to help you make yours:

Step 1: Gather information

Begin by reading and learning as much as you can about:

• Pregnancy
• Labor
• Birth
• Postpartum care

You can start by reading through the Pacify Library. It has tons of information about every step of your journey.

Step 2: Start with the Pacify Birth Wish List

Review the Birth Wish List in the Pacify app. You can find it by opening the side menu in the upper-right corner. It has a list of questions to help you start thinking about your birth. Think about what you want and what is important to you.

Step 3: Discuss your wishes

Your birth experience is very personal. Talk to your loved ones about your wishes. This step helps your support system understand what you want. They can support you through the labor and birth journey.

Step 4: Talk to your doctor or midwife

Share your Birth Wish List with your healthcare provider. Be transparent about your wants, needs, and concerns. This is a great chance to hear your doctor or midwife’s suggestions too. Once they know what your wishes are, they can help you have the birth you want.

Step 5: Start your Birth Wish List

Put your wishes in writing. Outline what you want and how you see your birth. This can include where you want to give birth, how you want to manage pain, or what you want to use to stay calm during labor. Having a written plan ensures that your care team knows your wishes.

Step 6: Call a Birth Doula

A Birth Doula can help you fill out your Birth Wish List. They can explain any medical words and answer questions. They can also give advice that fits you and your goals.

Remember that your Birth Wish List may change. Birth can be unpredictable. Sometimes the plan changes to keep you and your baby safe. If this happens, it’s important to process how you’re feeling. You’re not alone.

If you want to switch your baby’s formula, you must talk to your doctor about which one is best for your baby. 

When changing baby formula, it’s normal for your baby to react in a few ways. They may be more gassy, spit up more, or react to the new taste. Their poops may change too. These signs are normal and may go away over time. Check the instructions to make sure you’re mixing correctly.

A few things to keep in mind:

• Never use home-made baby formula.
• Carefully read the mixing directions on the formula package.
• Use safe water for their baby. Either use infant water, or boil tap water for one minute and then let it cool down before mixing.
• It's normal for your baby's poop to look or smell different when you change formulas.
• With help from your pediatrician, ask how to wean your baby from one formula to another.  This can involve mixing both formulas separately and then putting them together in a special ratio to gradually wean the baby to the new formula.
• If your baby is refusing the bottle, it may be a sign they are getting used to the flavor. They will usually adjust over time. 

Signs your baby isn’t tolerating new formula

Look out for signs that your baby isn’t tolerating the new formula. If you notice any of these signs, stop using the new formula and call your doctor right away:

• Diarrhea
• Blood or mucus in poop
• Vomiting
• Signs of pain, like pulling legs up towards their stomach while they're crying
• Trouble gaining weight 

Always consult your doctor when changing formulas.

As you get closer to your due date, it’s important to understand signs of labor starting. Knowing these signs can help you know when it's time to call your care team and prepare for birth. Here are the signs to look out for:

1. Cramping

One of the early signs of labor is cramping. You might experience what feels like period cramps in your uterus or back. These cramps are your uterus contracting. They help you push your baby out. As you get closer to delivering your baby, these contractions get stronger.

2. Lightening

Your baby will drop lower into your pelvis in preparation for birth. You may feel lighter, a feeling known as "lightening." This can feel like a sudden shift as your baby's head moves down into your pelvis. You may also feel more pressure in your vaginal and pelvic area. This is a sign that your body is getting ready for birth.

3. Water breaking

Your baby is protected by a bag of water called the amniotic sac. When the amniotic sac breaks, a gush of amniotic fluid comes out of your vagina. If you experience this, it's important to contact your doctor or midwife right away. They will guide you on what to do next.

4. Changes in vaginal discharge

Another sign of labor can be changes in your vaginal discharge. This is often stringy mucus that can be clear, pink, or blood-tinged. This is a sign that you are losing the mucus plug, which seals the cervix during pregnancy. It’s sometimes called “bloody show”. This change means that your cervix is softening and dilating to get ready for birth.

5. Diarrhea or upset stomach

Some people experience diarrhea or upset stomach. This can be due to sudden changes in hormone levels during early labor.

Every pregnancy is unique, and not everyone has these signs in the same way. Or even in the same order! It's common for early labor signs to be subtle. If you think you might be in labor or have concerns, call your doctor or midwife. They will help keep you and your baby safe through labor and birth.

It’s important to find a healthcare provider you can trust. This can be an obstetrician-gynecologist (OB-GYN), midwife, or family doctor. They will make sure you’re healthy during your pregnancy and birth journey.

The importance of trust and compatibility

1. Better care: A good doctor or midwife should make you feel at ease. They should listen and empower you. You should be able to discuss your goals and worries. This will lead to better care and outcomes for you and your baby.
2. Open communication: You'll have questions and concerns during pregnancy. You need a provider who listens to you. They should answer your questions in a way you can understand.
3. Prenatal care: Regular prenatal visits are important to keep you and your baby healthy. You should be able to talk about your health, your body, your feelings, and your baby with your provider.
4. Emotional support: Pregnancy can bring on a lot of feelings. A caring provider who supports you can be a big comfort during a stressful time.

What to do if you’re unhappy with your provider

1. Do your research: Look online for providers with good reviews.
2. Check your plan: Call your health plan or visit their website to find in-network providers. Your insurance might help pay for visits.
3. Ask for advice: Get suggestions from friends and family. Or ask a doctor you trust for a referral.
4. Consider a midwife: Midwives specialize in prenatal and postpartum care. They may align better with your preferences.
5. Set up interviews: It may sound silly, but interviews or meet-and-greets can help you learn about providers. You can call to schedule an appointment and explain that you are pregnant and are looking to “establish care.” This is a chance to see if you feel comfortable with the provider.

Remember, if you don't feel understood or supported by your provider, you can find a new one. You should feel at ease talking about your body and feelings with them. Better communication means better care for you and your baby.

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Labor is hard work. Comfort measures can help a lot. Here are some comfort measures you can try:

1. Counter-pressure

• A birth partner or doula applies firm pressure to the lower back. This counters pain from contractions and can provide relief.
• Helps relieve lower back pain during labor.

2. Side-lying position

• Lying on the side with slightly bent knees.
• This position eases back pain and reduces strain on the lower back and pelvis.
• Encourages the best position for your baby.

3. Double hip squeeze

• A birth partner or doula stands behind the birthing person and squeezes both hips at the same time.
• Can help ease back pain. Opens the pelvis and reduces pressure on the sacrum.

4. Birthing ball

• Birthing person sits on a birthing ball and gently rocks side-to-side or moves in circles with their hips.
• Helps the birthing person to relax. Uses gravity to reduce pressure on spine and pelvis.
• Can help labor progress.

Comfort measures can help with pain during labor. But everyone is different. What works for you may not work for others. Talk to your doctor or midwife about trying comfort measures to manage pain in labor. Your birth partner or a doula can help you use comfort measures during labor and birth.

Breastfeeding is not just about feeding. It's a special time for bonding. Here are simple tips to make a peaceful area for you and your baby that is comfortable and calm.

1. Get comfy

Find a cozy spot where you can relax, like a soft couch or chair. Your comfort is important for a peaceful feeding.

2. Nest with pillows

Use pillows to create a supportive nest. They can help prop up your baby or support your body. Experiment to find the best setup.

3. Keep it dim

Use soft, dim lighting, especially at night. Bright lights can be distracting. Soft lighting creates a calming atmosphere for you and your baby.

4. Take care of yourself

Keep water and snacks close. Breastfeeding parents need extra calories, so stay hydrated and full. Having these essentials nearby lets you relax and bond.

5. Put on some tunes

Play soothing music in the background. Relaxing music can help you both relax while nursing.

These tips can help you and your baby relax during breastfeeding. Focus on what makes you happy and relaxed so you can focus on bonding.

Having a baby isn't easy. Pain in labor can be very intense. This is because your uterus contracts, your cervix dilates, and your baby moves down through the pelvis. But there are ways to make the pain more manageable.

Try these comfort measures:

• Quiet and calm room
• Music of my choice
• Nice smells
• Dimmed lights
• Walking or dancing
• Changing positions
• Breathing/Relaxation
• Visualization/Hypnosis
• Massage
• Acupressure (pressure points)
• Birthing ball
• Hot/cold pack
• Shower/Bath
• Nitrous oxide (laughing gas)
• Pain medication and/or epidural

Remember you can change your pain plan during labor! Having a baby is personal, and you can make your own choices. It’s important to talk to your doctor or midwife during pregnancy about what you want. Making a birth plan is a good idea. Safety is important, and your healthcare team should work with you to make the best choices for you and your baby. Shared decision-making means that you are part of the team. You have the right to ask for what you want, have your questions answered, and to say no.

Being pregnant, giving birth and becoming a parent are big life transitions. It’s not always just a happy time. Many pregnant people and new parents feel scared, overwhelmed, sad, angry or confused. Sometimes, especially if the birth did not go the way you planned, you might even be feeling traumatized by the experience. How you feel matters and it’s okay to need support during this time.

We know how exhausting and overwhelming it can be in the beginning. You are recovering from birth and trying to take care of a new baby all at the same time. There are lots of physical and emotional changes happening and often many other factors that contribute to how you feel. Sometimes it’s the “baby blues” that can happen during the first few weeks, but sometimes it’s more than that.

Pacify is here to support you from pregnancy through parenthood. We do that by making maternal mental health a number one priority. It’s no secret that reaching out for help is hard, so we’ve created this page especially for you with an evidence-based, mental health screening tool called the Patient Health Questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2).

PHQ-2 Screening Tool

Instructions:

The PHQ-2 is a great tool that you can use to quickly and easily screen yourself for depression. It’s a first-step tool. If you’ve been having a hard time, but you’re not sure if you should reach out for help, ask yourself these two questions and choose one answer for each. Then add up your total score. Possible PHQ-2 scores range from 0-6. If your total score is 3 or greater, you should reach out for help and further screening as soon as possible. We have put together some recommendations and resources below to help you do that.

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Recommendations

If you score 3 or greater on the PHQ-2, please follow these recommendations:

1. Call your healthcare provider to ask for help and further screening with the PHQ-9. You can also take a mental health test by visiting Mental Health America at screening.mhanational.org/screening-tool.
2. Call one of the hotlines for support.
3. Join a perinatal mental health support group.
4. Reach out to family and friends to let them know how you are feeling and ask for help.
5. If you are in a crisis or feeling like hurting yourself or others please call 911.

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Hotlines

National Maternal Mental Health Hotline

• Call or text 1-833-852-6262
• 24/7
• ‍mchb.hrsa.gov

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Postpartum Support International Hotline

• Call or text "Help" 800-944-4773
• Text en Español: 971-203-7773
• 8am-11pm EST
• ‍postpartum.net

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988 Suicide & Crisis Lifeline

• Call 988 or chat
• 24/7
• ‍988lifeline.org

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Resources

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Mental Health America

Mental Health America understands the importance of maternal mental health. They have multiple online mental health screening tests, including what they call a Depression Test (PHQ-9) and a Postpartum Depression Test (Edinburgh). You can track your results over time and share them with your healthcare provider.

Learn more >

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Postpartum Support International

Postpartum Support International offers many resources for moms, dads and families who are dealing with perinatal and postpartum depression or anxiety. You will find a hotline, weekly "Chat with an Expert" and perinatal mental health support groups. Reaching out and connecting with others can be so helpful!

Learn more >

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March of Dimes

March of Dimes is dedicated to healthy moms and strong babies. They have good information if you want to learn more about maternal mental health during pregnancy and postpartum.

Learn more about depression during pregnancy>

Learn more about postpartum depression>

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Pacify Lactation Consultants are experts that help people feed their babies. At Pacify, we hire IBCLCs , or International Board-Certified Lactation Consultants.

Getting good support for infant feeding is important. No matter your feeding plan, having support helps you reach your goals. But what do IBCLCs do? They're your go-to for all things feeding.

They can help with:

• Latching your baby
• Getting ready to breastfeed
• Milk supply
• Making a pumping schedule
• Nipple pain
• Clogged ducts
• Bottle-feeding
• Mixing baby formula
• Weaning
• And more!

Becoming a Pacify Lactation Consultants requires a rigorous interview process.  People are only hired if they are qualified, patient, and kind. They will:

• Meet you where you are with your feeding goals
• Find solutions to your feeding problems
• Support your feeding decisions, no matter what
• Never make you feel guilty for wanting to wean

Pacify Lactation Consultants are here for you, day and night, right from your smartphone. They can’t wait to meet you!

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Getting ready for breastfeeding can be exciting! It can also be intimidating, so start with these easy steps:

1. Learn about breastfeeding

Understand the process by reading about breastfeeding. Joining local or virtual classes can also help.

Write down your goals, thoughts and any fears you may have. You can share them with a Pacify Lactation Consultant for support!

2. Get a breast pump

A pump offers flexibility. Pumping means your baby can have your breast milk even when you’re not with them.

• Some health insurance plans will send you a breast pump for free.  Call to find out.
• You may also be able to get one through your local WIC clinic, if you are part of the program.
• Talk to your doctor during prenatal visits. They can write you a prescription for a breast pump.

3. Create a supportive environment

Share your breastfeeding plan with your partner, family, and friends. Join support groups and set up the area where you will nurse your baby so you are ready... This supportive environment may help you breastfeed longer.

Being a new mom changes a lot. You need to take care of yourself. This article talks about why it's important and gives easy tips. 

Why taking care of yourself is important

New moms face many challenges. Your body changes, which is physically and emotionally hard. It's tough to exercise and eat healthy. Newborns need a lot of attention, so you don't get much sleep. You might feel moody or anxious. Taking good care of yourself helps manage these feelings. 

New parents have lots of duties. Taking care of a baby is a full-time job. Many don't have much support and feel alone. This makes it hard to find time for yourself. It's important to address these problems so you can find out how to care for you, too! 

Tips for self-care

1. Get your zzz’s: As a new mom, getting enough rest is crucial. But it can be hard to get sleep with a new baby. Try to take naps when your baby does, or get help at night. Make your sleep space cozy with blackout curtains or a white noise machine. 

2. Eat healthy and drink water: Eating well and staying hydrated are key. Focus on a balanced diet with fruits, veggies, whole grains, lean proteins, and healthy fats. Drink plenty of water and other hydrating drinks like coconut water or herbal tea. Plan ahead for meals and snacks. Ask for help if you need it to make sure you eat well.

3. Move your body: Regular exercise can make you feel stronger and more energetic. Ask your doctor before trying any exercise. If it’s a yes, try Prenatal Yoga during pregnancy. Low-impact options like Pilates or Mom & Baby Yoga are great after giving birth. 

4. Try to relax: Simple things like deep breathing, guided meditations, yoga, aromatherapy, and warm baths can help. These activities let you unwind and recenter.

5. Ask for support: Joining a new moms group can connect you with others going through similar experiences. Seeking professional help is important if you're dealing with postpartum depression or anxiety. Lean on family and friends for help with chores or baby care. Calling the Pacify app can help too!

Remember, asking for help is not a sign of weakness; it's a key part of taking care of yourself, which helps you care for your baby. So, reach out and make your well-being a priority.

Some new parents wonder if they should wake a sleeping baby for food. It's a common question. We know babies need to be fed every few hours, but we're also told to let babies sleep. So, what should we do? 

What to expect

At first, babies need to eat a lot. Their tummies are small and breast milk is digested quickly. Newborns need to eat every 2-3 hours for growth. Your baby will likely wake up hungry at the night - that's normal.

First few weeks: maybe wake them up

Talk to your pediatrician about their sleeping habits first. It's a good idea to wake your baby for feeding in the first few weeks, especially if you’re breastfeeding or they sleep more than 3 hours. Newborns need a regular feeding routine to get enough milk. This frequent feeding also helps to build your milk supply if you’re breastfeeding. 

When your pediatrician approves: let them sleep

As babies grow, their feeding habits change. Take note of their signals. After a few weeks, many babies start sleeping longer at night. At this point, it's not as crucial to wake them for night feedings.  They're likely getting enough milk if they gain weight and need regular diaper changes. Trusting your baby's signals helps them learn to sleep longer and feed when they want. It’s important to talk to your pediatrician about your baby’s eating habits.

Why parents build a milk supply

Having a breast milk stash can be very helpful:

• If you plan to return to work
• If you plan to share feeding duty with a partner or family member
• If you’re simply planning a night out away from the baby

Whatever the reason, making a milk stash is a good choice. Let's explore some tips for storing breast milk.

How much breast milk should I save for work?

Figure out how much milk to store by counting the times your baby feeds when you're not there. If your baby has 4 feedings from 8 am to 5 pm, you'll miss 4 feedings. Multiply that number by the amount your baby takes per feeding. In this example, if they take 3-4 ounces each feeding, you'd need 12-16 ounces stored for each day. The exact amount depends on your baby's needs, but this gives you a starting point.

The low-down on storing breast milk

Follow the CDC's guidelines:

1. Keep breast milk at room temperature (77°F or cooler) for a maximum of four hours
2. Store in the fridge for up to four days
3. Store in the freezer for six months to a year (quality starts to dip after six months). 

When on the move, place that breast milk in an insulated cooler bag with ice packs; it stays fresh for 24 hours. Upon reaching your destination, either use the milk or move it to the fridge or freezer.

Getting your milk supply up

With a bit of prep and knowledge, you're all set to build a stash for your baby. And if you need help with pumping or anything else, remember that Pacify is your go-to for connecting with a Lactation Consultant. They've here to support you!

Traveling while pregnant isn’t easy. But don't worry, there are things you can do to make the journey smooth.

Important note: check with your doctor or midwife before traveling

Before you make travel plans, ask your doctor or midwife if it’s safe. This is extra important if you have prenatal conditions. It could be dangerous for you and your baby. Your provider may also give you tips specific to your pregnancy symptoms.

Airline check-in

If you're planning to fly, check your airline's rules around pregnancy. The usual guideline is that you can fly until your last month of a healthy, uncomplicated pregnancy. But airlines have different rules, so call or check their website before you schedule your flight.

Travel insurance

Pregnancy (and travel plans) can be unpredictable. Try booking a refundable ticket or paying for travel insurance. This way, if you need to cancel or reschedule your trip, you won’t have to pay.

Seat choice

If you’re driving, choose the front seat to prevent motion sickness. If you’re flying and you can choose your seat ahead of time, try to choose an aisle seat or one with more leg room. This will keep you comfortable and make it easier to get to the bathroom. If you can’t choose your seat, don't worry! Most airlines allow pregnant women to pre-board.

Stretch it out

Pregnancy can increase the risk of blood clots. Try to get up and stretch regularly. You can stretch even if you’re sitting down. Try to straighten your legs and flex your feet, then point your toes. Repeat a few times to improve blood flow.

Stay hydrated

Keep yourself hydrated to prevent blood clots and swelling in your hands/legs/feet. Bring a reusable water bottle with you. You can also try wearing compression stockings to help with circulation.

Ask for help

If you have a rolling suitcase, it could make your journey easier. If you need help lifting your bags, don’t be afraid to ask for help! Other travelers and airport staff should be more than happy to help.

Safety first

Whether you're in a car or on a plane, wear your seat belt. Tuck the seatbelt safely under your belly to keep both you and your little one safe.

Remember to enjoy the journey and make the most of your adventure! Safe travels.

Flying with your baby for the first time? No worries! Even if you're a frequent traveler, taking your baby along might make you nervous. Here are some tips to make sure your trip is easy for you and your baby!

1. Bring ID for your baby

Don't forget to pack your baby's birth certificate or immunization record as a form of ID. Some airlines may ask for proof of age, especially if your little one looks a bit older than two.

2. Choose direct flights

Try to pick a direct flight when possible. Less time traveling means fewer chances for baby meltdowns. If a nonstop flight isn't available, consider a flight with a longer layover. This gives you time for diaper changes, feeding, and getting to your next gate.

3. Time your flight right

Book your flight during your baby's best time of day. Most babies are happiest in the morning. Travel when your baby's in a good mood to make the journey smoother.

4. Arrive early at the airport

Traveling with a baby means more steps at the airport. Arrive early to dodge stress. You’ll feel more relaxed when it's time to board the plane.

5. Gate check baby gear

Most airlines let parents gate-check items like strollers and car seats for free. It protects your valuable items from rough handling in the cargo hold.

6. Pack extras

Be ready for surprises by packing extra diapers, bottles, and outfits for both you and your baby. Bring extra snacks or formula, just in case of delays.

7. Dress for comfort

Layer up your baby for the flight. A comfortable baby is a happy baby. Layers help with temperature changes onboard and at your destination.

8. Help with ear pressure

Encourage sucking during takeoff and landing to ease ear pressure. Have a bottle or pacifier handy. Remember, breast milk is okay to bring on a plane, even with the 3.4-ounce liquid rule.

9. Entertain your baby

Keep your baby busy with toys from your diaper bag. If they like videos or games, bring headphones to keep others happy.

10. Stay calm

Your baby picks up on your feelings, so stay calm. Remember, lots of people travel with babies all the time. Even if your little one gets upset, you won't see those fellow passengers again.

Safe travels! You've got this.

Gaining weight when you're pregnant is normal. It’s important for you and your baby.

Why is pregnancy weight gain necessary?

Your body is growing a baby. That takes extra stuff! Here's why you gain weight:

• Fetal growth: The weight helps develop your baby's organs and muscles
• Amniotic fluid: Your body makes fluid to protect your baby in the womb
• Placenta: This organ gives your baby nutrients and oxygen
• Maternal stores: Your body keeps some extra fat for breastfeeding and your health after pregnancy

How much weight should you gain?

It depends on your weight before pregnancy. It also depends on how many babies you’re having. Your healthcare provider can help, but here's a general guide:

For one baby:

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For two babies:

Can you gain too much weight?

Gaining too much can be a problem. It can lead to health issues for you and your baby. It can also make labor harder and cause postpartum weight retention.

Tips for healthy pregnancy weight:

• Work with your doctor or midwife for personal advice
• Include fresh produce, lean proteins, whole grains, and low-fat dairy
• Check with your doctor first before exercising, do activities like walking or yoga
• Stay hydrated
• Eat smaller meals throughout the day to control appetite
• Choose healthy snacks like fruits, yogurt, or whole-grain crackers

Pregnancy weight gain is normal and necessary. Talk to your doctor if you have more questions.

Newborn babies undergo several essential evaluations soon after birth to ensure their health and well-being. These initial examinations help healthcare providers monitor vital signs and assess for potential health issues. It is highly recommended to ask to have all of your baby's exams done while they are placed on your chest during the first hour after birth, if possible. This special bonding time provides comfort and warmth for your baby and encourages skin-to-skin contact, which has numerous benefits.

1. Apgar score assessment The Apgar score is typically the first evaluation your baby will undergo. This quick assessment is performed at one minute and again at five minutes after birth. It helps the medical team determine your baby's overall health and whether any immediate interventions are required. The Apgar score considers factors such as your baby's heart rate, breathing, muscle tone, reflexes, and skin color.

2. Physical examination Soon after birth, your baby will undergo a thorough physical examination. This examination includes checking the baby's weight, length, and head circumference. The doctor will also assess the baby's vital signs, such as heart rate and respiratory rate, to ensure they are within a healthy range.

3. Eye examination To check for any eye conditions, the doctor will typically administer an eye evaluation. They will look for issues like blocked tear ducts, congenital eye conditions, and ensure that the eyes are functioning well.

4. Heart examination A thorough examination of your baby's heart will be performed to rule out any congenital heart defects. The doctor will listen to the baby's heartbeat and may order additional tests if they suspect any issues.

5. Hearing evaluation Hearing evaluations are essential to detect hearing problems early. Newborns are often screened for hearing loss. Early detection and intervention can greatly benefit a child's language and speech development.

6. Reflex and muscle tone assessment The doctor will check your baby's reflexes and muscle tone to ensure their nervous system is functioning as expected. This assessment helps identify any potential neurological issues.

7. Blood tests A series of blood tests may be conducted to screen for certain metabolic and genetic disorders. Early detection of these conditions allows for prompt medical intervention and management.

8. Jaundice assessment Newborns are often assessed for jaundice, a condition caused by the buildup of a substance in the blood called bilirubin. If your baby has jaundice, your doctor will determine the severity and recommend treatment if necessary. Newborn jaundice is very common, about 60% of newborns have jaundice. Most of the time, it's mild and doesn't hurt your baby.

9. Hip Examination his examination involves gently manipulating your baby's legs and hips to verify that they are properly aligned and that there are no signs of hip dysplasia, a condition where the hip joint doesn't develop normally. Early detection and treatment of hip issues can prevent long-term problems.

10. Vitamin K administration: Your baby will receive a Vitamin K injection, which is essential for blood clotting. Newborns often have low levels of Vitamin K, and this injection safeguards them against bleeding problems.

11. Cord care and circumcision If you choose to circumcise your baby boy, this procedure is usually performed in the early days after birth. The doctor will also monitor the baby's umbilical cord to ensure it heals properly.

These evaluations are crucial for ensuring your newborn's well-being. Regular check-ups, vaccinations, and ongoing care are essential as your baby grows and develops. It's important to follow your healthcare provider's recommendations and maintain open communication about your baby's health and development.

It’s important to go to all of your doctor or midwife visits when you are pregnant. Your doctor or midwife can help you prepare to take care of yourself and your baby.

You should ask your doctor any questions you have about your body or your baby. Your doctor will also:

1. Ask about your health

It’s important to tell as much as you can about your health. You can talk about your health history, any stress you are feeling and activities during your day.

2. Find out when you will deliver your baby

Your doctor or midwife will tell you your due date. Most women do not deliver on this exact day. You can also find the day by using this chart.

3. Test your blood

Your doctor will check your blood type. A blood test can help your doctor know whether you have enough iron. It can also show whether you have an infection.

4. Look at your body

Your doctor will need to check your vagina and pelvis to make sure your body is healthy.

In the journey of parenthood, few moments are as profound and heartwarming as the first time you hold your newborn against your bare skin. This practice is known as "skin-to-skin contact" or "kangaroo care." It can carry profound importance for both parent and baby. Here, we explore what skin-to-skin contact is, why it's crucial, and how to create this essential bond.

Understanding skin-to-skin contact

Skin-to-skin contact refers to the practice of holding your newborn directly against your bare chest or abdomen, ensuring their skin touches yours. It is often initiated immediately after birth for the “golden hour” and can continue during the hours, days, and even weeks following your baby's arrival. This simple yet powerful practice offers numerous advantages:

1. Enhanced bonding: Skin-to-skin contact fosters an immediate emotional connection between you and your baby. The physical closeness releases oxytocin, often referred to as the "love hormone," which promotes strong emotional bonds.
2. Regulated body temperature: A newborn's body struggles to maintain a stable temperature. Placing your baby skin-to-skin helps regulate their body temperature, ensuring they stay warm.
3. Improved breastfeeding: Skin-to-skin contact enhances breastfeeding success. It encourages your baby's natural breastfeeding instincts, making it easier for them to latch and nurse effectively.
4. Soothing comfort: The feeling of your warmth, heartbeat, and scent provides your baby with a sense of comfort and security. This reduces stress and promotes a calm, content disposition.
5. Positive development: Research suggests that skin-to-skin contact contributes to improved brain development and overall health, potentially reducing the risk of health complications.

Creating skin-to-skin contact

Step 1: Be prepared 

Before delivery, discuss your desire for skin-to-skin contact with your healthcare team. Ensure your chosen birthing environment supports this practice.

Step 2: Immediate contact 

Whenever possible, hold your baby against your bare skin immediately after birth. If circumstances permit, let your baby rest on your chest or abdomen for an extended time.

Step 3: Stay skin-to-skin 

Even after the initial contact, continue to hold your baby skin-to-skin during the postpartum period. This practice is ideal for both mothers and fathers, allowing both to bond with the baby.

Step 4: Skin-to-skin nurturing 

During this time, focus on gentle interaction and bonding. Talk softly to your baby, stroke their back, or simply enjoy the serenity of this close connection.

Step 5: Breastfeeding support 

If you plan to breastfeed, skin-to-skin contact can make the process smoother. Position your baby on your chest, and their natural instincts may lead them to your breast.

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Skin-to-skin contact is an invaluable practice that can be enjoyed by both parents and their newborns. From creating an emotional bond to ensuring a warm and secure environment, this practice offers numerous advantages for the entire family.

Your body goes through exciting changes in the first few months of pregnancy. It’s working hard to support the new life growing inside you. Let's talk about these changes.

1. Morning sickness

Nausea and vomiting that can happen at any time of day. This is a sign that your pregnancy hormones are active.

• Tip: Try eating small meals, having ginger, and staying hydrated to ease nausea.

2. Fatigue

Your body is creating a placenta and nourishing your baby. This may make you feel more tired.

• Tip: Rest as much as you can. Take short naps. Ask for help when needed.

3. Breast changes

Tender and swollen breasts are early signs of pregnancy. Your body is preparing to breastfeed.

• Tip: Wear well-fitting bras or go bra-less.

4. Frequent urination

Hormones increase blood flow, leading to more pee breaks.

• Tip: Try not to drink too much before bed to limit nighttime bathroom trips.

5. Mood swings

Hormonal changes can cause emotional ups and downs. These are normal. Talk to your support system if you feel overwhelmed.

• Tip: Communicate openly with your loved ones. Seek help if needed.

6. An enhanced sense of smell

Many pregnant people report a stronger sense of smell. This can affect nausea and food preferences.

• Tip: Combat strong odors with fresh air or pleasant scents.

7. Constipation

Pregnancy hormones can slow digestion and cause constipation. Include fiber in your diet and stay hydrated.

• Tip: Gentle exercises like walking can help your digestive system.

8. Increased vaginal discharge

Hormones lead to more discharge. This is normal.

• Tip: Wear a panty liner for comfort. Avoid douching. Contact your doctor if you notice unusual changes, smells, or discomfort with your discharge.

9. Weight gain

Gaining weight is crucial for a healthy pregnancy. Your body needs more calories to support baby's growth.

• Tip: Embrace the weight gain as your body grows your baby. Discuss any concerns with your doctor or midwife.

10. Heartburn

Slow digestion can also cause heartburn.

• Tip: Avoid rich and spicy foods. Eat small meals throughout the day. Avoid eating close to bedtime.

Remember, everyone’s experience is different. If you have concerns or questions, talk to your doctor or midwife. They are there to support you!

The second trimester can be easier than the first. Morning sickness usually goes away around this time. As your baby continues to grow, you’ll have new experiences to look forward to. 

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Body changes

• Your baby bump may start showing. But everyone is different. Some people don’t show at all.
• Hormones can cause changes in your skin. These can be color and texture changes. 
• Your breasts will keep growing. They are getting ready to feed your baby.
• Gaining weight over time is normal. It’s also very important. Most people gain about a pound per week.
• Hormones can lead to mood swings. Be kind to yourself. Share your feelings.
• Forgetfulness is common. Make lists and reminders to help.

Exciting experiences 

• You may feel tiny flutters of movement from your baby.
• Your doctor will check baby's heartbeat.
• You may start to feel closer to your baby. Not everyone does. That’s okay too!
• You may choose to learn your baby’s sex around week 20.
• Start prepping your home and making a birth plan.

Important appointments

• Weeks 18-22: The mid-pregnancy ultrasound is done around this time. This is to check baby’s growth.
• Weeks 24-28: A “glucose screening test” is done. This checks for gestational diabetes (a type of diabetes that can happen in pregnancy).

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The second trimester is exciting! Enjoy the new experiences it brings. Keep attending prenatal visits to stay healthy.

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